The eNotes Blog Bookless Libraries TheyreComing

Bookless Libraries TheyreComing Simply this week, I was viewing a scene of Downton Abbeyâ and one of the scenes was set in the library. Delightful calfskin bound volumes occupied the tremendous room from floor to roof and secured each divider. Master Grantham failed to acknowledge them by any stretch of the imagination, as he stood, cognac close by, trusting that his valet will bring his night coat. The visual picture of this mid twentieth century library struck me on a few levels; first, how books like the ones that embellish the Crawleys home were once implied for the tip top. The hirelings first floor may have entertained themselves every so often with a penny appalling however it is far-fetched that any of them read, or approached, considerably more. The second thing that I saw was the sheer quantities of tomes, and how pointless, truly, it is in the twenty-first century to need to dedicate so much physical space to the printed word. Dont misunderstand me. There is nothing I love more than the weight of a book. I love the manner in which they smell. I savor the experience of really turning pages. Until the time has come to move. I have the same number of books in my Kindle now as I do on my clasping racks. Also, they all fit in my littlest wallet. So I guess I comprehend that cutting edge libraries are confronting a similar predicament. The existence expected to house and control books is tremendous. In the no so distant past, bookless libraries were just a thought, yet now they are going on. This fall, San Antonio, Texas will open its first completely electronic loaning library. There will be fifty work stations and eReaders that supporters can look at and bring home. Despite the fact that the task cost $1.5 million dollars, its supporter, Judge Nelson Wolff, contends that it is savvy. The new establishment, named BiblioTech utilizes existing city offices, and, maybe more significantly, is accessible to a to a great extent underserved network whose inhabitants regularly don't have their very own electronic gadgets. Is this the future for most libraries? Presumably. Be that as it may, not for some time yet. To state there is as yet a huge measure of material to be digitized is putting it mildly. What's more, there are copyright issues with which to fight. Sarah Houghton, executive of a library in California, gripes that 99 percent of the materials that the overall population need to look at,  such as best-sellers,â simply arent accessible to libraries carefully. Another issue repressing the development of bookless libraries is the preparation of staff, on utilization of the gadgets, however how to disclose them to their supporters, a considerable lot of whom may have had practically zero involvement in advanced perusers. In addition, the cost of gaining these new gadgets is regularly restrictive for most open libraries. What's more, what happens when these gadgets gotten obsolete? Today, it appears that innovation improves at regular intervals, if not sooner. Better not furious Lord Grantham at this time. You may at present need to acquire that volume of Tocquevilles Democracy in America.

Beliefs of filipino women: Traditional feminine gender

Convictions of filipino ladies: Traditional ladylike sexual orientation A 2 (US ladies versus Filipino ladies) X 2 (little girls versus moms) ANOVA coordinated gathering structure with the OKelly Women Beliefs Scale (2010) scores as the needy variable was directed to contemplate unreasonable convictions about conventional female sex blueprint from a Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) point of view (Ellis, 1956) in an example of Filipino ladies living in the US. Results showed huge primary impact for culturally diverse contrasts among the two racial gatherings, however no noteworthy fundamental impact was found for generational contrasts among the gatherings. A Post-hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD) performed on the four subscale scores of the OWBS likewise indicated huge contrasts in Demand with Filipino ladies scoring higher than their US partners, and scores of the two gatherings in Awfulizing, Negative Self-talk/Rating, and Low Frustration Tolerance (LFT) were not fundamentally unique. Watchwords: Filipino ladies, nonsensical convictions, sex composition, Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, OKelly Women Beliefs Scale Silly Beliefs about Traditional Feminine Gender Schema of Filipino Women Living in the United States This investigation assesses the diverse and intergenerational contrasts among Filipino ladies and US ladies living in the United States as to their convictions about the conventional ladylike sex job utilizing the OKelly Women Beliefs Scale (2010). A few variables of cultural assimilation extraordinarily influence the worldwide movement, monetary globalization, and political clashes that emerge in the formation of multicultural social orders (Enrile Agbayani, 2007), that reviews in regards to this issue are fundamental in understanding it from a more profound perspective. There is an incredible amount of writing in regards to female themes composed inside the calculated plan of the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy or REBT (Wolfe, 1985; Wolfe Naimark, 1991). The establishing professional of REBT, Albert Ellis, built up this type of psychotherapy to help his customers in the recreation of how they see their trouble by stating the significance of taking it on with an increasingly philosophical standpoint. At the point when Ellis changed Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) to its current name of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), he recognized the conceivable chances in utilizing the term objective as thoughts concerning it might differ across societies (Ellis, 1999). Ellis consistently underscored the significance of taking his customers social foundation into thought while investigating their perspective and disposition towards life. It has been viewed as that the improvement of the Womens Belief Scale match with the models depicted by Locksley and C olten (1979), who feature that the utilization of a term inside a survey includes self-assessments and assumes correlations of itself that were absent like in Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974) in the formative procedure of the things; this permits a huge impact of estimations on the portrayal of the ladylike sexual orientation that gives a particular perspective of what practices are proper for females. The perspective on womans legitimate spot being in the home satisfying their home life, parenthood and satisfying their spouses, confined from the open universe of men didn't generally command the Western culture (OKelly, 1980). It was not until the ascent of free enterprise when autonomous agents could bear to help their reliant spouses and kids kept inside the limits of a hidden home, that this perspective on womens jobs began to incredibly impact the cutting edge Western culture (OKelly, 1980). By the eighteenth century, these jobs irregularly spread to the less rich classes and in the long run turned into the Western perfect for ladies (OKelly, 1980). In the ongoing years, with the assistance of the women's activist development, sensational changes in the Western social jobs anticipated from ladies are constantly occurring. Women's activists demand that those standard perspectives on womens jobs enormously constrain and control them from accepting their places as full grown-ups in the general public (OKelly, 1980). Nonetheless, less created nations keep on having severe perspectives on the jobs of the ladies in their general public and they plan to keep up their social convictions in regards to this issue. There are not really any investigations done to analyze the impact and impacts of these cultural jobs put on ladies from less created nations, similar to the Philippines, in their reaction to cultural assimilation and mentality towards life. The OKelly Womens Belief Scale was created inside the plan of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy or REBT, mirroring the procedure of convictions about Demand, Awfulizing, Global Rating, Low Frustration Tolerance (LFT) and Negative Self Rating. To build up this scale, 2,562 surveys were sent to ladies that worked in incredible organizations. With the information acquired of 974 polls, the OKelly subscales were created: Demand, Awful, Low Frustration Tolerance (LFT) and Rating, which are nonsensical atomic ends or convictions recently referenced. Every one of these scales has inner consistency. The test-retest dependability and legitimacy have been built up by the consequences of an example that comprised of 285 ladies, wherein 37 additionally finished The OKelly Womens Belief Scale a month later. In the estimation of the nonsensical idea from a REBT point of view, past examinations (Lega Ellis, 2001; Kumar, Lega, Bladiwalla, 2007) demonstrate multifaceted and generational contrasts in the examples of USA, Latin America, Europe and India. Filipino Americans are one of the quickest developing minority bunches in the United States as they are the second biggest Asian American ethnic gathering, and the second biggest number of workers to the United States (Ong Loksze, 2003). Late investigations recommend that cultural assimilation, changes in mentality or qualities that outcome from the contact of one culture with another (Berry, 1997), may have something to do with perspectives towards ladies (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). As indicated by Berry (1997), there are four cultural assimilation techniques: partition, minimization, joining, and digestion. Detachment alludes to preferring ones unique culture and abstaining from associating with the host culture, while minimization is the point at which one doesn't effectively keep up either his own unique culture or the host culture (Choi Thomas, 2007). Then again, mix alludes to preferring ones own way of life while simultaneously connecting with the host culture, and digestion is t he point at which one forsakes his unique culture for the host culture (Choi Thomas, 2007). The global connection between United States and the Philippines has a rich and one of a kind history that has made the Filipinos very well recognizable to the American culture that even permitted them to handily embrace the English language, instructive organizations, majority rule conviction framework, and confidence in the American Dream (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). Most Filipino outsiders show up in the United States with a huge information about the nearby culture and the English language (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). Filipino ladies living in the US, for the most part as outsiders, attempt to adjust to their host countrys social qualities while endeavoring to save their own simultaneously. Like others from ruined countries, particularly the individuals who have burned through a large portion of their lives in their local nations, Filipinos are additionally very much aware of how troublesome it tends to be to live in a nation of constrained open doors like the Philippines. In any case, as other foreigner gatherings, they additionally acclaim the United States as a place where there is critical monetary chance yet at the same time decry it as a nation possessed by degenerate and individualistic individuals of faulty ethics (Espiritu, 2001). Guardians of original Filipino youngsters uphold exclusive standards particularly on their little girls. Espiritus interviews propose that there is a romanticized idea of womanhood dependent on customary Filipino qualities and convictions (Espiritu, 2001). This admired thought of womanhood is for a lady to think about her family (aggregate versus singular qualities), to increase great training (so as to help better the family), stay pure, devoted, and respectful (Agbayani-Siewert, 1994). More seasoned kids, young ladies specifically, are relied upon to think about their more youthful kin and perform family unit obligations even at an early age (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). Past investigations propose that while the more established female is given more obligations, benefits are made effectively open for the most part to guys in the family. Most Filipino ladies, who took an interest in past investigations, additionally announced that their folks treated them all the more carefully while gr owing up when contrasted with their siblings (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). As they develop more seasoned, Filipino ladies are required to show qualities of a Maria Clara, or the best possible, marriage-disapproved, Filipino Catholic lady with great ethics (West, 1992). This generalized portrayal of a perfect Filipino lady keeps on existing in right now. Filipino ladies were educated and urged to be freely compliant with the goal that it will give the idea that men are the ones in charge (Cimmarusti, 1996). Almirol (1982), an analyst who played out a subjective report on Filipino American ranch workers from Salinas, California, found that a higher worth was put on guys over females and that ladies were disheartened to show power out in the open. Researchers have indicated that the Maria Clara generalization isn't just utilized by certain Filipino women's activist patriot, yet additionally by original Filipino outsiders (Ignacio, 2000). Earlier analysts show that regardless of the high social desires implemented on Filipino youngsters by their folks, they seem to have handily absorbed into the American culture as the Filipino populace in the US has a high pace of school graduates, and the greater part of these alumni are workers from the Philippines (Enrile Agbayani, 2007). Alternate points of view recommend the presence of progress and

on realizations and learning

on realizations and learning Last semester was pretty rough, and I vowed to make this semester different. I tried to get into a fifth class and didnt (it was too oversubscribed), so instead Im taking four classes, of which only one is likely to be horribly difficult. Im hoping that the lowered courseload will help, although its a little hard to tell, because the first week of the semester is always calmer than the ones that follow. For now at least, Im chilling and this chill, combined with the delightful chill of my IAP (and further combined with reflective time at the gym while I work out) has got me thinking. Ive come to this realization, over the past six weeks or so. I thought I always knew it, but I clearly never did: taking care of yourself and putting aside time for yourself is not just a necessary evil. It is good, and fun, and right. I thought I believed this before. I didnt. My brain was secretly thinking something along the lines of oh, well, if you  need time to take care of yourself, then I guess you have to do it. And each person might need to set aside different amounts of time, and that doesnt make them better or worse as a person but of course, its better to be able to set aside less time, and focus on  doing  instead of  living. I felt like the best way to approach life was to fill it with as many things as you could without making yourself sad. Because filling up your time is what lets you learn new skills! and try new things! and have new experiences! And, you know, all that stuff is pretty great. But actually, theres so much that you can gain from free time different things, and equally valuable to those that you gain from full time. Each of us should not fill our time as much as we can, but as much as we want to; and it is not better to fill it more, or as much as possible, but it is better exactly and only to do what makes you happier with the knowledge that there are so many kinds of happiness, and it is nice to get to try them all. I like knowledge, and experiences, and learning new things, but none of these holds more meaning than happiness. And why maximize a proxy value for a quantity when you could maximize the quantity itself? To leave space in a schedule, to work out and think, to walk places more slowly than everyone else and stare at the sky this is its own good thing if what it creates for me is happiness. It does not need to be stolen from other activities; it has its own intrinsic right to be alive, to take up space in my life. I want it and love it for itself, not just because its what lets me keep living and doing everything else. I think this is what my parents have been trying to tell me for the past eight or so years. I think this is what some upperclassmen have been trying to tell me since CPW. I always nodded, agreed, it made sense to me. But I didnt realize that I didnt really believe it, because I made my life choices as if it were false. (As opposed to now that I know it for real, when I am relishing my free time, my slow moments, doing things unproductively and inefficiently) Thinking about the time it took me to reach this realization led me to a realization on realizations. When children learn their native language, they need, of course, to hear adults speaking to them. A child who is deprived of input wont be able to learn. And yet, a child who is spoken to twice as much as another child will make the same kind of mistakes at about the same age, and master the same parts of language at about the same age. The input is necessary, but its not sufficient. What they also need is time: if a two-year-old isnt ready to speak a certain way, you cant make them learn it. All you can do is help them keep living, until they turn three and a lightbulb goes off in their head. I never thought I was done growing, but I think I thought most of what was left was about acquiring knowledge changing physically. Instead, there were so many dark lightbulbs in the back corners of my brain, waiting to light up and make me realize that something is not as I thought it was. Like a child learning a language, other people are only part of the puzzle for me; the other part is time to think and discover on my own. And it turns out that this feeling doesnt scare me like it used to. Freshman fall, in a blog about realizing that I didnt know myself as well as I thought I did, I wrote I miss being able to walk through the house of myself in pure darkness and never miss a step. Now I mean, sure, knowing myself well was nice. But this is also pretty cool this idea, which perhaps should not come as the surprise that it does, that we are not fixed human beings once we graduate from high school; that there is so much left to sneak up on me, to change the way I think and who I am. Over the past year, Ive started to like eating new foods, trying new combinations of flavors, and doing things Ive never done before. And in the same vein, Im also so excited to try out these new mes who are coming. I havent met them yet. But I will. Post Tagged #if you are older than me please try not to roll your eyes #we must all come to each realization at the pace that is right for us

Introduction Of Artificial Intelligence Self Driving Cars

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Self-Driving Cars Description A self-driving car is an autonomous vehicle capable of achieving the human transportation capabilities of a traditional car. The vehicle is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input. These robot cars mainly exist as prototypes and are only used for demonstrations. Although they are likely to become more widespread, in the future. Self-driving vehicles sense their surroundings using radar, GPS and computer vision. Advanced control systems interpret the information to identify navigation paths, obstacles and road signage. Some of these vehicles can update their maps, allowing the vehicle to keep track of their position when conditions change. Extensive automation for cars focuses on either introducing robotic cars or modifying modern car design to be semi-autonomous. These could be implemented sooner as they rely less on technology that is still at the forefront of research. Historical Development The first idea of self-driving cars dates back to 1939, when the vision was debuted by General Motors, at a sponsored exhibit at the World’s Fair in New York. The autonomous car was shown as part of a display called â€Å"Futurama†. Part of this display included automated highways and expressways, but the exhibit also had the idea of self-driving cars. Even though the designer Norman Bel Geddes had these ideas then, working prototypes would not be seen for another 40 years. The first realShow MoreRelatedEssay On Artificial Intelligence1515 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction I chose Artificial Intelligence since I believe that it is extremely intriguing and important in the field of Information Technology. Artificial Intelligence is the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. AI is usually defined as the capability of a computer program to perform tasks or reasoning processes that we associateRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Evolution Of Graphics Card1540 Words   |  7 Pagescomputer, and also now in cars. Car companies like Toyota and NVIDIA are collaborating to deliver artificial intelligence hardware and software technologies that will enhance the capabilities of autonomous driving system. Aslo, Audi and NVIDIA announced an acceleration of a long - running partnership- this new shared goal will put advanced AI cars on the roads starting in 2020. Not only that, even Tesla, Mercedes-Ben z, Volvo are partnering with NVIDIA to develop AI Self-Driving cars. Intro GraphicsRead MoreSelf Driving Cars638 Words   |  3 Pagesvideo game, or listening to your favorite song. Now, imagine that on your way to work or to the store. Self driving cars could make this a possibility. We have been tinkering with ideas for autonomous vehicles for almost a century and a few companies have even been successful in designing a fully functioning self driving car. Roads full of these video game-esque cars controlled by artificial intelligence or other means of autonomy may not be as distant in the future as one might think. This, being a drasticRead MoreAn Analysis Of Banking Chatbots In The Banking Industry993 Words   |  4 Pages. This is possible when this algorithm ingests millions of data poits from existing information. An Artificial Intelligent company in San Fransisco called Sentient technology, running a hedge fund, has developed a machine learning algorithm that can get this done. Also, Numerai, which is another hedge fund, is using Artificia iIntelli gence to make trending decisions. Banking Chatbots: Machine learning algorithm and natural languauge process are very important machineries to ensure a conversationalRead MoreArtificial Intelligence1237 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is artificial intelligence? Should humanity be concerned? There are many interpretations of Artificial intelligence. Merriam Webster’s online dictionary defines artificial intelligence as â€Å"A branch of computer science, dealing with the simulation of intelligent behaviour, in computers or the capability of a machine, to imitate intelligent human behaviour† (Artificial Intelligence, 1828). With technology continually progressing and embedding itself into today’s population, from Siri on iPhoneRead MoreThe Automated Vehicle Control System2362 Words   |  10 Pagessafety of the people in the day to day lives. The self-driving cars or steering less cars has made the people access easy way of transportation without any kind of stress and strain. 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Table of Content 1.0 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 1.1 My theory†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 1.2 Respondents opinions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2.0 Summary and Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..10 Figures Fig 1.2.0 Do you interact with artificial intelligent systems? ........................................5 Fig 1.2.1 is it possible for human thinkingRead MoreInternational Highway Traffic Safety Administration1845 Words   |  8 Pages3.1 Introduction to Autonomous Cars Autonomous cars, also known as driverless cars, or self-driving cars are vehicles that can drive themselves without a human driver to control the steering, acceleration, and braking (Thrun, 2010). 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MassiveRead MoreThe On Ai Should Not Make Things Worse Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pageshumans for decision making. 4: â€Å"Safe Exploration. â€Å" - Allow AI to learn at its own pace 5: â€Å"Robustness to Distributional Shift.† - AI should realize it’s exactly that, artificial.[2] Another example of â€Å"laws† that are relevant to AI are the Rules and Principles that were created by Microsoft’s Satya Nadella. His rules are specifically designed so that only AI should obey. However his rules apply more to the social impact

Erik Erikson s Theory Of Psychology - 1365 Words

Introduction Erik Erikson has made a contribution to the field of psychology with his developmental theory. He is a German psychoanalyst. Erikson said that humans develop throughout the life span. Erikson developed eight psychosocial theory stages that humans encounter throughout their life. According to the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues. Basic virtues are characteristic strengths which the ego can use to resolve subsequent crises. Failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and therefore an unhealthier personality and sense of self. The first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust, occurs from birth to one year. Erikson defined trust as an essential trustfulness of others as well as a fundamental sense of one s own trustworthiness. He thought that an infant who gets fed when he or she is hungry and comforted when he needs comforting will develop trust. He al so said that some mistrust is necessary to learn to discriminate between honest and dishonest persons. If mistrust wins over trust in this stage, the child will be frustrated, withdrawn, suspicious, and will lack self-confidence. The second stage, Autonomy vs. Shame Doubt, occurs between ages two and three. During this period, it is important that the parents create a supportive atmosphere in which the child can develop a sense of self-control without a loss of self-esteem. Shame and doubtShow MoreRelatedErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychology760 Words   |  4 PagesErik Erikson was a well-known 20th century psychologist who made various contributions to the field of psychology. He was born on June 15, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany. His unnamed Danish biological father abandoned Erik’s mother before he was born. Erik was raised by his mother, Karla Abrahamsen, for the first three years and she married Dr. Theodor Homberger in 1905. His mother and stepfather raised him and Erik to ok his stepfather’s name, Erik Abrahamsen. Erik had blond hair, blue eyes, and NordicRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Mcadams 1154 Words   |  5 Pagesand narrative approaches that recent researcher and theories have apply to understand human behavior. This article integrates recent theories and researchers of life stories as illustrated the investigation of self-understanding, personal memory, personality structure and change, and the relations between the personal lives and cultural. The article provides a numerous of psychologist stories and the contributions they have made in the psychology fields. McAdams, 1985 has argued that personal lifeRead MoreErik Erikson s Stages Of Development1608 Words   |  7 Pages The Psychosocial Development The View on Erik H. Erikson s Stages of Development Frank Phan Cosumnes River College Psychology 300 Abstract This paper will touch over the aspects of Erik H Erickson s eight stages and how they affect everyday lives from infancy to adulthood. The paper will go over the approximate ages and the psychosocial crisis that they will eventually come to. Neglecting a child can lead to a cause of mental negligence in the form of Arrested Development. Within differentRead MoreEarly Life Experiences Impact The Person Across Their Lifespan930 Words   |  4 PagesPiaget theory ‘Stages of cognitive development’ (1936) and Erik Erikson theory ‘Psychosocial stages’ (1950). Piaget argued that children develop knowledge by constructing their experience and observe with their own ideas about how the thing works.(Burton, L.J., Westen, d. Kowalski, R.M. 2015) He developed 4 stages of his theory: Sensorimotor Stage, Preoperational Stage, Concrete Operational Stage and Formal Operational Stage. At the same time, Erik Erikson proposed a psychoanalytic theory of psychosocialRead More Sigmund Freud And Erik Erikson1110 Words   |  5 Pagespredominantly attained by parents of children with emotional problems 70- 80 decades ago. The discontinuous psychosexual and psychosocial theory takes place in stages in one course moving through drives that are biological along with societal expectations (Berk, 2013). The contributions to this perspective include both Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson. Freud examined psychosexual theory and how those first childhood years of drives shape the personality. Thus, such drive names are the id, ego, and superego. TheRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory Of Psychosocial Development Essay1177 Words   |  5 Pages Erik Erikson was born in Greman in 1902-1994, American psychoanalyst; known for psychosocial theory of emotional development of human beings. His theory looks at the impact of parents and society on personality development from childhood to adulthood. Erikson believes, each person has to pass through a series of eight stages over there entire life cycle. I will look at the first 3 stages that cover the childhood years. There are set of conflict at each stage, which allows individual to developRead MoreErikson s Psychosocial Theory And Psychosocial Development1561 Words   |  7 PagesTheories and Theorists Theories are the building blocks of psychology. Theories whether old or new has allowed us to know what we know now. There are many theories in the field of psychology or educational psychology that are important to further understand human behavior. However, this paper will focus on only two theories which are; Erikson’s psychosocial theory and Alfred Adler’s Adlerian theory. Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development has always been a great contribution to the field of psychologyRead MoreDifference Between Freud vs. Erikson Essay1023 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween Freud vs. Erikson ENG 121 Difference between Freud vs. Erikson In this essay, I am going to compare and contrast two famous theorists Erik Erikson and Sigmund Freud. I will be talking about each of these theorists and their famous theories of psychosocial and psychosexual, since they both are well known development theories. I will provide enough information about both and explain the differences of each, as well. First off, Freud had inspired Erickson who had theories that were in a numberRead MoreDevelopmental Psychologist Erik Erikson s Stages Of Psychosocial Development1729 Words   |  7 PagesDevelopmental psychologist Erik Erikson changed the way that people viewed the psychosocial development in humans throughout their lifespan. Using the foundation provided by Freud’s psychosexual stages, he modified the concepts to where they demonstrated external impacts on development as well as making it more about emotional conflicts than necessarily physical drives. This eight-stage theory is sequential, and requires the person to overcome conflicts in each stage to become a productive memberRead MoreThe Theory Of Human Behavior1360 Words   |  6 Pagescomprehension of who we are as human beings is still extensively researched due to our constant adaptive natures. Due to the frequent changes in our concepts and identities, psychology attempts to explain the processes and outcomes. Interestingly, the study of human behavior is still highly influenced by numerous psychologists such as Freud, Erikson, Skinner, Jung, James, Wundt, and Klein, just to name a few. There have been copious psychologists of late that assiduously developed our understanding of who we

The Vietnam War Memorial Free Essays

The Vietnam War Memorial, like the war it memorializes, was initially steeped in controversy. It was called unemotional and ‘a black gash of shame’. Criticism was leveled at the artist for her being of Asian extraction. We will write a custom essay sample on The Vietnam War Memorial or any similar topic only for you Order Now Like the Vietnam War, Americans gradually began to see the other side of the coin and it is now one of America’s most revered art pieces. It is comprised of black granite panels set into ground so that the viewer literally walks into the piece. On the panel is carved the names of the 58,000 plus American war dead (Sands). It is a part of the landscape by design. Lin said, â€Å"I didn’t want to destroy a living park. You use the landscape. You don’t fight with it,† (greatbuildings.com).   A companion piece, a statue of American warriors, war weary and in battle dress was erected at the site. I think the memorial is a moving piece of art, fraught with symbolism that is more apparent when visiting it than it can ever be from photos or descriptions. It is the duty of any nation that sends its young men into combat to remember and honor those who gave the ultimate for their country. I think that while hostilities are ongoing and the deaths are mounting, however, the tribute should take a form different from a cold memorial. I think the man who sent them to the war zone should read us the names of each fallen warrior at the close of day and explain how that warrior died. If he refuses, then each day in the House of Representatives the names should be read, and those names then be carried to the White House. The purpose of a war memorial is not always the same for every war and for every cause. It can be a tribute to the fallen dead in a war that was waged for survival. It can be a piece of propaganda for a war that had no business being waged. It can be designed and erected as a balm to heal the scars of a bitter and divisive conflict. Vietnam divided our nation and nearly brought us into open rebellion with the government that refused to listen to the will of the people. The veterans of the Vietnam War seem to be flooded with memories when they confront the names of fallen comrades whose names are engraved in the polished black granite. Yusef Komunyakaa’s poem, Facing It, described the feeling he had of being back in the war, symbolically being inside the memorial itself. He could see the explosion that killed his friend by reading the man’s name on the wall. â€Å"I touch the name Andrew Johnson; I see the booby trap’s white flash,† (lines 16-17), he says in the poem. At Santa Monica Beach near Los Angeles every Sunday a local chapter of the Veterans for Peace erects a temporary memorial to the fallen dead of the Iraq War (Veterans For Peace). It is called Arlington West for the Arlington National Cemetery in the east.   It is similar to and different from the Vietnam War Memorial. It has a list of fallen Americans as a tribute to them but also it memorializes the dead Iraqis, which the Vietnam Wall does not do for the fallen Vietnamese. Volunteers erect rows of crosses and symbolic flag draped coffins. It is more performance art than a permanent fixture but still emotionally moving, particularly to the families of the dead. Visiting there is a way to express the grief and frustration the same as at the Vietnam Wall. It shows that there is not a single way to create a memorial any more than there a single way to create art. There are different ways to move people. The Vietnam Wall is a vital robust and moving tribute to a nasty war. It has helped to heal a divided nation and bring closure. The Arlington West project is for an ongoing war and can be seen as a protest of that war as much as a memorial to the dead. The idea of requiring the people who send men off to war to read the names of the dead seems to be fitting. They would be forced to see the toll they are taking at least in terms of numbers and perhaps put a face on the dead. For now they are simply statistics. Bibliography Greatbuildings.com   2007   Viet Nam Veterans Memorial Retrieved 4-3-07 From:http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Vietnam_Veterans_Memorial.html Komunyakaa, Y. Facing It   Ã‚   HERE INSERT THE FOLLOWING: NAME OF TEXT BOOK, CITY OF PUBLICATION FOLLOWED BY COLON, THEN NAME OF PUBLISHER AND THE YEAR OF PUBLICATION Sands, K.   Jack Magazine   Maya Lin’s Wall: A Tribute to Americans Retrieved 4- 3-07 from:   http://www.jackmagazine.com/issue9/essayksands.html Veterans For Peace  Ã‚   4-07   Arlington West Memorial Santa Monica Retrieved 4-3-07 from: http://www.arlingtonwestsantamonica.org/ How to cite The Vietnam War Memorial, Essay examples

Kenny Loggins- More Songs From Pooh Corner free essay sample

Kenny Loggins, legendary singer, songwriter and guitarist, has been recording for four decades, but â€Å"More Songs from Pooh Corner† outdoes them all. Here, he reveals his passion for life and takes the listener to a place of serenity. With its endearing lyrics, romantic yet innocent melodies, and Loggins gentle, melodic tones, this album is surely appropriate for everyone. Of the eleven tracks, seven originate from childrens movies, making this a refreshing change from the fast-paced music we are used to. The lyrics show a connection between two worlds: the â€Å"make-believe† of fairy tales and our real world. If you listen to the words, they are very symbolic. Likewise, its difficult to get through â€Å"Baby Mine† from â€Å"Dumbo† without a tissue. Its equally difficult to stay awake until the final chorus of â€Å"Goodnight,† a song written and performed by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. And who wont take comfort from â€Å"Youll Be In My Heart† from â€Å"Tarzan†? Lyrics that touch the heart combined with a gentle voice provide an escape from lifes ups-and-downs and allow us to connect with our spirit. We will write a custom essay sample on Kenny Loggins More Songs From Pooh Corner or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So, if youre stressed or just need a little encouragement, put on this album and feel better. .

Contemporary Employee Discipline Policies an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Contemporary Employee Discipline Policies Introduction Organizations have been in the need for discipline in the business environment. Effective performance requires the maintenance of discipline (internally and externally imposed) by managerial and non-managerial personnel. Workplace regulations typically are rigid and detailed, raising their costs for business yet reducing their effectiveness at protecting workers. Policies to increase the supply of skilled workers are important but may not be sufficient unless jobs are available that utilize the enhanced skills. Skills alone may not lead to high wages, high productivity, or even interesting work. We need labor market policies to enhance the trend toward workplaces that rely on high levels of skill, lifelong learning, and continuous skill improvement. Need essay sample on "Contemporary Employee Discipline Policies" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed These workplaces typically are quite different from traditional ones. They have been transformed so as to give employees greater ability and the incentive to improve their workplaces. Workers' ability to generate good ideas is often strengthened by high levels of training and information sharing. Forms of worker empowerment vary widely but often include work teams and forms of representative participation such as elected committees of workers or union representatives. Incentive schemes vary as well but typically reward individuals for learning new skills, reward groups of workers for their collective success, and build cohesiveness and solidarity more than individualistic competition. Motivation is also supported when companies ensure that the efficiency gains achieved by implementing workers' suggestions do not end up costing them their jobs. Positive And Negative Discipline As can be seen from various practical definitions, discipline can be positive and activating, or it may be negative and restraining. In either case, it is the force which prompts an individual or group to observe policies, rules, regulations, and procedures that are deemed necessary to the attainment of objectives. The positive type provides workers with greater freedom of self-expression. It promotes emotional satisfaction instead of emotional conflict and results in coordination and cooperation with a minimum need for formal authority. It can be achieved best when group objectives and procedures are well known and are a basis for individual behavior. Negative discipline involves force or an outward influence. This type of discipline need not be extreme, and it is used best in industry only when the positive type fails. Force will often cause a person to change outwardly but not mentally and emotionally. In fact, it sometimes results in "malicious obedience," whereby an aggrieved employee does exactly what he is told to do, even if he knows the order is faulty and will result in getting things fouled up. (Kochan, 350-366) Regulations do not work well for managers, either. Although the total benefits of workplace regulation probably outweigh the costs, often the tens or perhaps even hundreds of billions of dollars spent on workplace regulations are not cost effective. Few regulations provide incentives for managers and workers to discover the most effective means to accomplish the regulations' goals. Similarly, laws and regulations often require regulators to use similar enforcement strategies for companies with very different compliance efforts and records. The result is harassment of "good" employers and a lack of focus on "bad" ones (Clinton 20-28). Regulatory agencies often create different definitions, inspection schedules, and paperwork requirements with no coherence to the system. Employers also resent laws that discourage employee involvement that might satisfy the goals of both workers and managers. Finally, regulations do not work well for the regulators. Rules are difficult to modify even decades after the regulators realize they are out of date. Inspections are rare, frustrating many regulators' desire to ensure safe, legal, and nondiscriminatory workplaces. Discipline Measurement of Worker and Workplace Skills Discipline is a state of good order, resulting from the fair and impartial establishment and enforcement of policies, procedures, rules, and regulations. Coordination is considered to be one of the first principles of organization. One cannot conceive of an orderly arrangement of group effort without some form of coordination to achieve a meshing of the jobs, individuals, authorities, and responsibilities. Yet, it is difficult to have coordination without orderly employee behavior. Consequently, orderly behavior which is based upon knowledge and performance of duties is essential to organization, and thus, to management. The necessary condition to obtain this orderly behavior has been called discipline. Here we see an inseparable relationship: discipline is essential to coordination and coordination is essential to organization. It would be nave and unnecessary to elaborate on the matter of importance of standard system of rules. By formulating a general policy for the governance of conduct which can be advanced upon its merits and uniformly applied, we can expect the optimum of cooperation from our personnel. As applied to modern personnel management, judicial due process involves establishing "laws," or rules which cannot be violated with impunity; setting specific penalties for infringements upon these rules, with progressive degrees in the severity of penalties; and imposing the penalties upon infractors only after determining the extent of guilt, and taking any mitigating circumstances into consideration. The due-process concept is based upon four assumptions which are usually upheld by arbitrators. These are: (1) the rules must be "reasonable"; (2) the employee must have a clear idea of what is expected of him; (3) the employer has a right to have a well-disciplined, cooperative work force; and (4) he has the authority to administer discipline when rules are violated. (Wollenberger, p. 27) Disciplinary Procedure To Be Followed Once the grounds for disciplinary action have been established, it becomes necessary for the manager to follow the correct procedure in taking any action against a subordinate. Adherence to established orderly procedures is the essence of the due process concept of discipline. As injustice thrives on privacy, the best guarantee of truth is the free exchange of views between the accused, his accuser, and their representatives in an open forum. No method assures this exchange as well as an orderly disciplinary procedure. In order to meet the test of judicial due process, discipline must be properly administered by the superior in accord with previously promulgated rules. Penalties should be based upon specific well-defined charges, with notices given to the employee and union, usually in advance of management's attempt to take correction action. Penalties Imposed After the grounds for action have been established and the proper procedure followed, it becomes necessary to impose the penalty. Types of penalties: First, there is the simple oral warning which is not placed on the employee's record but can be recalled as evidence later on. Actually, it is inadmissible as a basis of proof and is usually only intended as instructional. The next type is the oral warning that does go on the employee's record and helps avoid the charge of gathering evidence after the fact. The written reprimand, which is the third type, usually comes from a source higher than the immediate supervisor. It is more official and may be challenged by the employee. Suspension, the fourth type, is an even more serious penalty, which usually consists of a layoff lasting from a short period of days to a number of months. Management must be consistent in its use of suspension and equate the layoff to the seriousness of the offense. The ultimate in penalties is the discharge. This constitutes a break in service and wipes out the worker's seniority. Most arbitrators are reluctant to sustain a discharge, because it is the economic equivalent to capital punishment, especially since it affects a man's family as well as himself. (Duffy, 1) Some other penalties used are demotions, transfers, and withholding of benefits such as promotions, raises, or bonuses. Demotion or transfer is generally used only if the employee is still of value to the organization but is involved in a personality clash or is on a job which is above his ability. Incentives for Managers The personnel manager's view of this control function has switched from the traditional one of discipline as punishment to the modern approach of internal self-control, orderly behavior, and the judicial due process. Discipline is not merely punishment; it is also training which corrects and strengthens. Unions have played a major role in bringing about this change in philosophy. Their impact shows up not only in company policy but also in the supervisor's role, regardless of whether the firm is unionized or not. But no matter how much influence unions have had on the disciplinary process, the right to discipline is still a prerogative of management; the main change is that personnel managers must be sure they follow the due-process procedures. Conclusion It is proper to conclude from the information available that discipline is necessary for the success of management. This chapter has associated discipline with leadership, communication, and motivation, for regardless of the way an individual visualizes the term, there can be no denial that discipline plays an important role in holding an organization together. Employee discipline is a process of control. As such, it is a method for the maintenance of authority by management, and this authority is necessary to keep the enterprise going on a profitable basis. Works Cited Clinton, William J. "The New OSHA: Reinventing Worker Health". National Performance Review 10, 1995 no. 1:20-28 Duffy, Shannon P. "Casellas: EEOC Suffering Backlash". Legal Intelligencer (June 20, 1995): 1. Kochan, Thomas A. "Using the Dunlop Report to Achieve Mutual Gains". Industrial Relations 34, no. 3 (July 1995): 350-366 Wollenberger, Joseph B. "Acceptable Work Rules and Penalties, A Company Guide," Personnel, Vol. 40, No. 4 July, 1963, p. 27

Estimating Oil and Gas Volumes Using Structure Contour Maps Essays

Estimating Oil and Gas Volumes Using Structure Contour Maps Essays Estimating Oil and Gas Volumes Using Structure Contour Maps Paper Estimating Oil and Gas Volumes Using Structure Contour Maps Paper The estimation of oil and gas reserves is a completely complex process which involves the integration of geological, geophysical, reservoir and production engineering data. In order to arrive at the most likely reserves, the reserves are estimated by using deterministic and probabilistic methods as there are various uncertainties that are involved in the estimating the reserves. In defining the hydrocarbon, Reserves refers to the quantities of oil and gas which can be commercially recovered from a given date forward whereas Resources are the reserves plus additional oil and gas that cannot be produced due to techno-economic factors. In the different stages of a field exploration and developments there are different reserves estimate methods that are generally used at the respective stages. One of the methods which is generally used from when the field is discovered up to when it is abandoned is the Oil and Gas-Len- Place method at surface conditions. As usually only some of the oil and gas-in?place can be recovered, therefore the total oil and gas-in-place must be multiplied by a certain recovery factor which depends on the individual field. Moreover, when oil and gas are brought to the surface it shrinks and expands respectively. Therefore if the surface volume of the in-place oil and gas were to be calculated, the Formation Volume Factor which accounts for the shrinkage and expansion factors, should be vided and multiplied respectively for the oil and gas. At 1280 ms is the lowest tested oil. IP category is where there is 90% confidence. For UP Oil Reserve so-pay, the Iso- pay value within the entire gas cap is mm and falls to zero at 1300 ms which is at ten 011-water contact penning on ten structural Tall. A a ten UP 011 Reserve has an so-pay value of mm in the entire gas cap area and reduces to zero at 1380 ms which is at the last closed contour depending also on the structural fall. The UP and UP categories have 50% and 10% confidence associated with them respectively. After the so-pay contours are constructed, the area between two respective ISO-pay contours is estimated by means of drawing the contours on a tracing paper and by inspecting the area by means of an underlying graph paper in units of centimeter square (CM). Once the area between the two ISO-pay contours has been estimated ND converted into kilometer-square (km) according to the given scale, the rock volume is estimated by multiplying the area converted to meter-square (mm) by the average thickness in meters (m) between the two so-Pay contour values. The above is done for all the IP Gas Reserve so-pay and the 1 P, UP and UP Oil Reserve so-pays. An example of the above is as follows. The diagram above shows the 1 P so-pay contour map of the Gas Cap. Figure 1: IP gas so-pay contour map As explained before the so-pay value ranges from zero to fifteen which depends on the structural gain which was from (1220 to 1205 ms). The three areas are divided into Area A, B and C respectively. Therefore in order to find the rock volume between the 15 and 10 so-pay values (Area B), the area between them is first calculated.

Methods, Advantages and Disadvantages of Securitization Coursework

Methods, Advantages and Disadvantages of Securitization - Coursework Example Securitization largely supports the financial strength and stability of electric distribution utilities by availing the capital to purchase and make develop investments in utility infrastructure. Indeed, the Shikshak Sahakari Bank Ltd & another Vs Indian Oil Corporation Ltd & Another  case law that explains property mortgaged to the Bank leased out to a third party. Possession is subject to the leasehold rights of the Lessee. This case law explains the different parties to securitization. In an asset securitization process, a collection of assets transform into asset-backed securities. Securitization has greatly evolved with time. In modern times, securitization finances transition and stranded costs that relate to an open market, storm cost recovery, and environmental control equipment costs. Indeed, the difference between securitization and other forms of traditional financing is that in securitization, the cash flow generated by the asset pool to support securities with higher c redit quality than the company has secured debt. Ideally, the ultimate goal of securitization is to enable a corporation to obtain proceeds from the sale of assets and not necessarily borrowing funds.There are different securitization methods that have different goals. However, they share common elements that include the pledge from the state not to take or permit any action that would impair the value of the transition property and the recognition that alternative financing is beneficial to ratepayers. In addition, the variant securitization methods adopt the same mechanism for periodic true-ups, requirements of a financing order issued by the public service commission, and authorization of a non-by passable rider in the repayment of the securitized debt. In addressing, real property securitization, the two methods are the "Asset Liquidation Scheme" and "Asset Investment Scheme.†

Evaluation and Critique Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Evaluation and Critique - Research Paper Example The Montana edges an unidentified foreign object (UFO), which causes the submarine to stall as it malfunctions and sinks (The Abyss). In the meantime, media reports attribute the sinking of the Montana to a Soviet attack. The US military arrives at the location above the sinking, which happens to be near communist Cuba. Other vessels arriving in the area are believed to be Soviet spies. The US military dispatches group of SEAL officers to occupy an underwater exploration site with the intention of rescuing nuclear warheads carried by the Montana and to ensure that the ship is out of the Soviets’ reach. Tensions are building throughout, highlighting US-Soviet Cold War tensions, the dangers of environmental and nuclear damages as it becomes clear that a hurricane is fast approaching and could heighten the risk of a catastrophe. All the while SEAL officers dispatched below are showing signs of the ill-effects of the pressure associated with being under water (The Abyss). The alie n encounter is perhaps more telling as it brings the preceding themes of political tensions to a head and underscores the dangers of capitalism, both of which are the hallmarks of postmodernism thought. The aliens come into contact with SEAL lieutenant and shows him video images depicting past, present and future damages caused by mankind. The underlying message is man’s greed and mismanagement have led to self-destructive behaviour. Images of tsunamis, nuclear explosions and even the Vietnam War (The Abyss). As Simpson explains, Cameron’s approach in The Abyss distinguishes it from other futuristic science fiction film. A majority of this genre predicts disaster at some time in the future or presents a disaster and focuses on who will come out alive. The Abyss however, draws attention to past disasters, disasters in the present and predicts disaster in the future and in doing so attributes this to man’s own behaviour (Simpson). In line with postmodern thought, The Abyss focuses on post-war behaviour which has set up a series of bad and destructive behaviour fuelled by political tensions and capitalist greed (Forsyth). The narrative in The Abyss does not directly comment on capitalism, but it is inferred from the underlying political tensions and the technological progression that is a part of the destruction of the environment. The film’s narrative is more direct in its political commentary. The alien encounter represents a confrontation in which the SEAL lieutenant is able to see the damages caused by post-war political tensions from the perspective of an outsider. The underlying message is that this behaviour is counterproductive and will only grow worse with time and the results will be catastrophic. Postmodernism is about commandeering positive change, by highlighting flawed ideology and its corresponding behaviour (Forsyth). In this regard, the alien encounter in The Abyss serves as a soul searching exercise and a moment of re cognition. The underlying question for the viewer is whether or not the capitalist ideology is more sophisticated than the Communist ideology. After all, the capitalist structure shares equal responsibility for the stockpiling of nuclear weapons, and is arguably more responsible for environmental damages that contribute to and heighten the risk of natural disasters such as tsunamis and hurricanes. The postmodern message in The Abyss is therefore that the world is divided into two factions: man against nature as opposed

Change Management In Sony Pictures Management Essay

Change Management In Sony Pictures Management Essay In 2008 Amy Pascal (Co-Chairman, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Chairman, Motion Picture Group, Sony Pictures Entertainment) and Michael Lynton (Chairman CEO, Sony Pictures Entertainment) engaged The Energy Project as a part of an effort to create a culture in which employees felt energetic and excited about coming to work every day. Beginning with the senior team, our facilitators delivered our curriculum to some 500 managers and leaders. More than 90% said it has helped them bring more energy to work every day. Almost 88% felt that it has made them more focused and productive. We trained more than a dozen Sony internal facilitators to deliver our work, and by April 2010, some version of our curriculum will have been delivered to all 5500 Sony Pictures employees around the world.   In the midst of a severe recession, and a dramatic industry-wide decline in DVD sales, Sony expects to record one of its most profitable years ever in the fiscal year ending March 2009.   TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX PAGE NO. Introductionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Literature review Change Why change management Discussion of Change Management Theoriesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Plan Do Check Act Lewins Freeze Phases Issues to Changeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. Implementation of Change Managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Transformation in Sony pictures Overcoming resistance in employeeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Sustaining changeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Conclusionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Referencesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Appendixà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. INTRODUCTION Sony Pictures Entertainment (SPE) was formerly known as Columbia pictures entertainment, headquartered in Culver City, CALIFORNIA. The company was founded in 1987 and it was renamed Sony pictures entertainment in 1991. It is a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America (SCA), a subsidiary of Tokyo-based Sony Corporation. SPEs global operations encompass motion picture production and distribution; television production and distribution; digital content creation and distribution; worldwide channel investments; home entertainment acquisition and distribution; operation of studio facilities; development of new entertainment products, services and technologies; and distribution of entertainment in more than 140 countries. The companys slogan is Sony like no other. SPE recorded total sales of $7.6 billion for fiscal year ended March 31, 2010. Key people of SONY PICTURES are Howard Stringer (Chairman, President and CEO of  Sony Corporation),Michael Lynton (Chairman CEO, Sony Pictures Ente rtainment),Amy Pascal (Co-Chairman, Sony Pictures Entertainment, Chairman, Motion Picture Group, Sony Pictures Entertainment), Jeff Blake (Vice Chairman, Sony Pictures Entertainment). Sony Pictures Plaza in Culver City, California LITERATURE REVIEW CHANGE: Change is all around us in different types and categories; it can be brought by us or can come in any way to us. Change is the way through which future enters your life. Future is coming fast; we cannot predict but only react when we face it. Steven Kerr Why change management? Changes can come yourself or it can come in ways that give you little choice about its what, when, and how. Fighting against change slows it down or diverts it, but it wont stop it however. If you wish to succeed in this rapidly changing new world you must learn to look on change as a friend one who presents you with an opportunity for growth and improvement. The rate of change in  todays world  is constantly increasing. Everything that exists is getting old, wearing out and should be replaced. Revolutionary technologies, consolidation, well-funded new competition, unpredictable customers, and a quickening in the pace of change hurled unfamiliar conditions at management. Realities of Todays  World   The magnitude of todays environmental, competitive, and global market change is unprecedented. Its a very interesting and exciting world, but its also volatile and chaotic: Volatility  describes the economys rate of change: extremely fast, with explosive upsurges and sudden downturns. Chaos  describes the direction of the economys changes: were not sure exactly where were headed, but we are swinging between the various alternatives at a very high speed. To cope with an unpredictable world you must build an enormous amount of flexibility into your organization. While you cannot predict the future, you can get a handle on  trends, which is a way to take advantage of change and convert risks into  opportunities. DISCUSSION OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT THEORIES Plan Do Check Act   Plan, Do, Check, Act is a cycle of activities designed to drive continuous improvement. Initially implemented in manufacturing, it has broad applicability in business. First developed by Walter Shewhart, it was popularized by Edwards Deming. It originated in the 1920s with the eminent statistics expert Mr. Walter A. Shewhart, who introduced the concept of PLAN, DO and SEE. The late Total Quality Management (TQM) guru and renowned statistician W. Edwards Deming modified the Shewhart cycle as: PLAN, DO, STUDY, and ACT.PDCA  (plan-do-check-act) is a four-step problem-solving process typically used in  business process improvement. It is also called as Shewhart cycle, Deming cycle, PDSA (PLAN DO STUDY ACT),PDCA (PLAN DO CHECK ACT). It reduced error rate during implementation the Plan, Do, Check, Act cycle in manufacturing.This Act is useful for change management. The PDCA cycle should be repeated again and again for continuous improvement. PLAN: Establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with the expected output. By making the expected output the focus, it differs from other techniques in that the completeness and accuracy of the  specification is also part of the improvement. PROCEDURE- Recognize an opportunity and plan a change. DO: Implement the new processes. Often on a small scale if possible. PROCEDURE- Executes the plan, taking small steps in controlled circumstances. CHECK: Measure the new processes and compare the results against the expected results to ascertain any differences. PROCEDURE- Review the test, analyze the results and identify what youve learned. ACT: Analyse the differences to determine their cause. Each will be part of either one or more of the P-D-C-A steps. Determine where to apply changes that will include improvement. When a pass through these four steps does not result in the need to improve, refine the scope to which PDCA is applied until there is a plan that involves improvement. PROCEDURE- Take action to standardize or improve the process. Benefits of the PDCA cycle: daily routine management-for the individual and/or the team, problem-solving process, project management, continuous development, vendor development, human resources development, new product development, and process trials Lewins Freeze Phases- In the early 20th century, the psychologist Kurt Lewin developed the model known as Lewins Freeze Phases and which still forms the underlying basis of many change management theories models and strategies for managing change. His model suggests that change involves a move from one static state via a state of activity to another static status quo -and all this via a three-stage process of managing change: unfreezing, changing and re-freezing. Unfreezing: Faced with a dilemma or disconfirmation, the individual or group becomes aware of a need to change. Changing: The situation is diagnosed and new models of behaviour are explored and tested. Refreezing: Application of new behaviour is evaluated, and if reinforcing, adopted in figure 1 summarizes the steps and processes involved in planned change through action research. Action research is depicted as a cyclical process of change. Figure Kurt Lewins change model recognizes that people derive a strong sense of identity to from their environment. It also recognizes that they like the safety, comfort and feeling of control within their environment. ISSUE TO CHANGE Our CEO, Tony Schwartz first met with Sony Pictures Entertainment (SPE) co-CEOs, Michael Lynton and Amy Pascal, in the summer of 2007. Pascal and Lynton saw the work of the Energy Project as a way to bring to life their vision of making Sony the most desirable studio to work for and of building a culture of high engagement. Initially, Tony worked with Lynton and Pascal and their team of 17 direct reports. The initial focus was on how they managed their own energy individually, and as an intact team. This senior group found our curriculum sufficiently valuable that they asked to brong it to the top 500 executives, all vice president or above.   A 2007 Towers Perrin survey of nearly 90,000 employees worldwide, for instance, found that only 21% felt fully engaged at work and nearly 40% were disenchanted or disengaged. That negativity has a direct impact on the bottom line. Towers Perrin found that companies with low levels of employee engagement had a 33% annual decline in operating income and an 11% annual decline in earnings growth. Those with high engagement, on the other hand, reported a 19% increase in operating income and 28% growth in earnings per share. Nearly a decade ago, the Energy Project, the company I head, began to address work performance and the problem of employee disengagement. We still believe that enduring organizational change is possible only if individuals alter their attitudes and behaviors first.  Weve come to understand that its not possible to generate lasting cultural change without deeply involving an organizations senior leadership. IMPLEMENTATION OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT Once people understand how their supply of available energy is influenced by the choices they make, they can learn new strategies that increase the fuel in their tanks and boost their productivity.      They include practices such as shutting down your e-mail for a couple of hours during the day, so you can tackle important or complex tasks without distracting interruptions, or taking a daily 3  PM  walk to get an emotional and mental breather. Two fundamental shifts-   We encouraged Sony to make two fundamental shifts in the way it manages employees. We also created a three -day version of a new way of working that included a renewal day that provided participants with specific techniques to improve the quality, quantity and focus of their energy. This day featured individual consults with a nutritionist, exercise physiologist and massage therapist as well as group circuit training, yoga and meditation. Group coaching was offered during the 3 day sessions and then on twice more two and four weeks after the end of the session. The purpose of the coaching was to support the participants in successfully launching and sustaining the rituals they built once they had returned to the challenges of their daily life. Tony continued to work with Pascal and Lynton a senior team on a quarterly basis throughout 2008 to help them model the behaviors they learned and to drive the work down through their own teams. TRANSFORMATION IN SONY PICTURES Sony pictures went through a transformation in order to embrace energy building and renewing rituals at all levels. Out of the 3000 employees of the 6300 employees of Sony have gone through the energy management program. This summer 1700 more will be covered from Europe, Singapore, and Latin America. OVERCOMING RESISTANCE IN EMPLOYEE The reaction of the program has been overwhelmingly positive. 88% of the participants say, it has made them more focused and productive. Some 90% of them reported that as a result of the work, they began bringing higher levels of energy to work every day. 84% say they feel better and are able to manage their jobs demands and are more engaged at work. Sonys leaders believe that these changes have helped boost the companys performance. E.g. in spite of recession also Sony pictures had its most profitable year ever in 2008 and one of its highest revenue years in 2009. SUSTAINING CHANGE For sustaining change of the Sony Pictures, there are some important points which must keep in mind. These are as under: Employee should be highly engaged. Employee should be friendly. High performance culture. As a leader, you have myriad opportunities to set the right context for your employees to replenish their energy. Its all about providing examples for others and creating a safe environment. DOS AND DONTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF CULTURAL CHANGE Management is doing things right; Leadership is doing the right things. -Peter Drucker STRATEGIES OF A POSITIVE CHANGE So that Sony pictures can progress. Conclusion CHANGE STARTS AT THE TOP AND BEGINS ON DAY 1. REAL CHANGE HAPPENS AT THE BOTTOM. IN ORDER TO CHANGE OTHERS FIRST YOU SHOULD YOURSELF AS LYNTON AND PASCAL DID. E.Q IS ONE OF THE KEY ELEMENTS TOWARDS POSITIVE BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE WHICH ULTIMATELY LEADS TO THE GOAL OF A SUCCESSFUL CHANGE MANAGEMENT. STRONG CULTURAL VALUES ACTS AS A MAGNET IN THE SUCCESS OF A COMPANY WHICH BINDS AN EMPLOYEE IRRESPECTIVE OF THE EXTERNAL FACTORS LIKE RECESSION OR ECONOMY.

Joyce’s a Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Essay

Abstract Writers of the first decades of the twentieth century became fascinated by the inner lives of teeming impressions , and by the mental activities of meaning – making which constitute our private inner lives. The works of Irish writer James Joyce are distinguished by their keen psychological insight and use of various literary techniques; most notably â€Å"stream of consciousness† which is an attempt to write in the manner in which thoughts and memory actually work in our minds. This study is an attempt to examine the ‘ steam of consciousness ‘ as a technique used in Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) which is one of the greatest of modern novels. Joyce arranged his novel in five chapters which trace the protagonist’s life, Stephen Dedalus, from boyhood to young manhood. In this study , a careful examination of this technique is carried out through moving from the innocence of childhood to frenzied episodes of adolescent lust and then to a calm contemplation of women, aesthetic theory independence and art . Introduction ‘ Stream of consciousness’ is a narrative technique in non dramatic fiction intended to render the flow of myriad impressions-visual, auditory, physical, associative, and subliminal-that impinge on the consciousness of an individual and form part of his awareness along with the trend of his rational thoughts.† This term was first used by the psychologist William James in The Principles of Psychology (1890). James was formulating a psychological theory where he had discovered that † memories, thoughts and feelings exist outside the primary consciousness appear to one, not as a chain, but as a stream , a flow .† In his introduction on the use of this narrative technique, Robert Hurley shows that It was first used, as a literary term, in the late 19th century. This term is † employed to evince subjective as well as objective reality. It reveals the character’s feelings, thoughts, and actions, often following an associative rather than a logical sequence, without commentary by the author. Widely used in narrative fiction, the technique was perhaps brought to its highest point of development in early twentieth century novels where stream of consciousness plays an important role† . Writers such as Dorothy Richardson , James Joyce , Virginia Woolf , and William Faulkner writing during the same period, each developed distinctive uses of this technique. . James Joyce, whose talents were so much greater, will be regarded as much more than this. In Chapter Two : Stephen’s Childhood the beginning of the book-describing Stephen’s experiences as a baby-represents the thoughts of an infant as well as other people’s so-called baby talk to an infant: â€Å"Once upon a time and a very good time it was there was a moocow coming down along the road and this moocow†¦His father told him that story: his father looked at him through a glass: he had a hairy face. (A Portrait, ch. 1, p. 7 ) Through the artistic use of the stream of consciousness , Joyce exposes us directly to Stephen’s interior world. We are given no clues how to feel or react ; we have no privileged position outside of the narrative_ Stephen’s environment is just Stephen’s environment, Stephen’s thought’s are just Stephen’s thought’s : â€Å"A development of the single point of view in which reality appears only as it is mirrored in the observations , sensations , and memories of a single character . â€Å" his treatment of Stephen during this critical stage of his life. With Stephen , Joyce suggests rather than fully records the stream of consciousness; † as he walks through Dublin, stray thoughts flicker through his mind like fishes, thoughts suggested by whatever business he is about, by things that catch his eye in the streets , by smells that assail his nostrils; and all the time , coming sometimes to consciousness through association with these sense- impressions†. Chapter Four : Stephen’s Manhood Joyce used St. Francis Feast Day as an entrance to another stage in Stephen’s life . It is the stage of manhood ; or as it will be reflected a rebellion against the Catholic values. At first he enters a state of moral paralysis and confusion. Having broken one rule , he seems to lose the ability to maintain any kind of moral structure or self- discipline. His deep unrest manifests itself as a general souring of his whole personality. His situation is difficult. He is indulging in the pleasures of the flesh for the first time , but he soon learns that to abandon the moral order in which one was raised is no easy thing: He had sinned mortally not once but many times and he knew that , while he stood in danger of eternal damnation for the first sin alone, by every succeeding sin he multiplied his guilt and his punishment. His days and works and thoughts could make no atonement for him , the fountains of sanctifying grace having ceased to refresh his soul †¦ his sin, which had covered him from the sight of God, had led him nearer to the refuge of sinners. ( Ch.3 , p.98 ) Conclusion In A Portrait of an Artist as a young Man , Joyce followed Stephen’s life from childhood through adolescence to first flash of manhood using one of the most artistic and remarkable techniques ever used in English Novel . As Stephen matures through various family conflicts and periods of study at Jesuit schools, he begins to rebel against his family, his religion, and his nation. Finally, in order to establish himself as an individual and to find his identity as an artist, he seeks self-imposed exile in Paris What particularly sets Portrait apart form other † coming of age † books is Joyce’s manipulation of the narrative itself- the language and syntax used at each point in the book reflect the age and intellectual development of Stephen. To link the sections of his novel and the phases of Stephen’s life; Joyce used elaborate patterns of symbols which echo and re-echo through the text, the use of stream of consciousness .

Rocky Mountain Case

2009 ROCKY MOUNTAIN MUTUAL JOESPH MIROLA Rocky Mountain Mutual: Promoting Fun or Fitness? Date of Submission: 27th July 2009 Submitted to: Submitted by: Sanjay Kumar Gupta Rajiv Agarwal WAC instructor Roll: 20091034 To: Zachery Evans (Vice President) From: Joesph Mirola Date: 27 July 2009 Please find the detailed analysis of the fitness center in our organization with all the relevant data. Kindly inform me if some more information is required of the same. Regards Joseph Mirola ? CONTENTS: Sr. noTopicsPAGE NO: 1EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 2SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS 6 3PROBLEM STATEMENT 6 4STATEMENT OF OPTIONS 7 5CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION 7 6EVALUATION OF OPTIONS 8 7RECOMMENDATIONS 10 8PLAN OF ACTION 10 LIST OF TABLES 9TABLE 16 ? EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Rocky Mountain Mutual is a growing insurance company which has recently opened a branch office in a remote area of Utah. The unique feature of this branch is its fitness center which boasts of facilities such as swimming pool and track for walking and running. According to company records users of fitness center have shown reduction in their medical expense but the cost of operating is too high and also less than 50% of employees are using it. Zachery Evans, the vice president of the operations wants to close it as it is an expensive affair and also utilizing lots of space. The analysis shows that the best option available is to continue using fitness center but reduce it space area by eliminating some of the unnecessary facilities and also using it as an discussion room in the off hours. No of words:140 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS: Ours is a growing insurance company and has recently built a headquarter in remote area of Utah with a work strength of 250 employee, which features an fitness center in the campus which was started with an investment of 1 million dollar. Mr. Joe Mirola consider this fitness center as an added advantage to the company. Table: 1 Non usersUsers Absentism:12 days a yearAbsentism:6 days a year Medical cost Visiting center once or twice Visiting center thrice No of Emp. Cost/Emp. Total costNo of Emp. Cost/Emp. Total costNo of Emp. Cost/Emp. lTotal cost 2505001250006230018600251002500 As seen from the above table the medical expense of employee has reduced considerably with the use of fitness center however one more thing can be noticed that fitness center has not been used by its entire employee. The possible reason for this can be due to various facts such as: †¢Crowding during the peak hours †¢Employee need to come early to use the fitness center †¢Lack of awareness Zachary Evans the vice president of the operations believes that this center is too expensive to run and farther consuming up lot of the company valuable space. He is of the view that this center poses a great hindrance in the expansion of the company and wants it to be shut down unless of course he is convince that fitness center is worth the amount incurred in it PROBLEM STATEMENT The fitness center as shown by company records results in reduction of medical cost of an employee and also cause less absenteeism, but the cost incurred in maintenance is too high considering the fact that only 35% of the employee are making use of it, so problem lies with Mr. joe Mirola as to how to convince vice president Zachery Evans to continue fitness center or should he close it. STATEMENT OF OPTIONS 1. Fitness center should be continued and more and more employees should be encouraged to join it and some nominal fee must be charged. 2. Fitness center can be discontinued and space might be utilized for expansion of the company. 3. It can be used for commercial purpose by opening it for non-employees also and generate revenue. CRITERIA OF EVALUATION 1. Cost to company 2. Assets Utilization 3. Productivity 4. Competition 5. Risk factor EVALUATION OF OPTIONS: OPTION 1: OPTION 2: . Option3: RECOMMENDATION: From the above analysis it can be seen that option 3 gives us many advantage over the other and it looks to be the most viable option available. PLAN OF ACTION: 1. The first thing we must do is to run awareness program within the company. 2. Conduct an survey and take the feedback of the people as in what can be done to make center more useful 3. Proper management should be there so as avoid chaos during peak hours 4. Timings should be such that the everybody can easily make use of center 5. Proper marketing should be done so as to attract the non employees. 6. The fees charged must be nominal and give people value for money. Total words:1030

Hemingway s The World War I, Lost Generation, By Ernest...

as weak. He makes them seem stupid and ignorant. Literary style and works Many people hold the opinion that there has been no American writer like Ernest Hemingway. A member of the World War I â€Å"lost generation,† Hemingway was in many ways his own best character. Whether as his childhood nickname of â€Å"Champ† or as the older â€Å"Papa,† Ernest Hemingway became a legend of his own lifetime. Although the drama and romance of his life sometimes seem to overshadow the quality of his work, Hemingway was first and foremost a literary scholar, a writer and reader of books. Hemingway enjoyed being famous, and delighted in playing for the public spotlight. However, Hemingway considered himself an artist, and he did not want to become celebrated for all†¦show more content†¦Leon Edel has attacked Hemingway for his `Lack of substance as he called it. According to him, Hemingway s fiction is deficient in serious subject matter. It is a world of superficial action and almost wholly without reflection - such reflection as there is tends to be on a rather crude and simplified level . (10) The majority of his early novels were narrated in the first person and enclosed within a single point of view, however, when Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls, he used several different narrative techniques. He employed the use of internal monologues (where the reader is in the â€Å"mind† of a particular character), objective descriptions, rapid shifts of point of view, and in general a looser structure than in his earlier works. Hemingway believed that â€Å"a writer’s style should be direct and personal, his imagery rich and earthy, and his words simple and vigorous. The greatest writers have the gift of brevity, are hard workers, diligent scholars and competent stylists. For Whom the Bell Tolls is the most serious and politically motivated novel that Hemingway wrote. There are few comic or light episodes in the entire book. For Whom the Bell Tolls is an attempt to present in depth a country and people that Hemingway loved very much. It was an effort to deal h onestly with a very complex war made even more complex by the beliefs it inspired. Ernest Hemingway’s style, with its consistent useShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of The Lost Generation1661 Words   |  7 Pages Brodie Wiener PIB LA 10 Period 3 Hensley 3 April 2015 The Story of the Lost Generation Living an spontaneous, carefree life like the characters in The Sun Also Rises do sounds like fun but it isn t what it seems. Ernest Hemingway writes a piece of literature that when looked upon through a new historicist critical perspective exposes the underlying truth and an uglier reality that is normally suppressed presents itself. 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